The San Sebastián City Council purchased Artikutza in 1919, after several people had died a few years earlier of typhoid fever, the origin of which was traced to Artikutza, source of the city’s water supply. On purchasing the area, the council built an extensive network of pipes and channels that made the most of all the natural fountains and prohibited all activities likely to contaminate the water: forestry work, mines, livestock; access was limited to individuals and the farmhouses spread over the area (Elama, Goizarin, Egazki, etc.) were abandoned, and their inhabitants moved to the district of Artikutza. In 2004, Artikutza joined the Natura 2000 Network (EU-wide network of nature protection areas to assure the long-term survival of their species and habitats) and is included as one of the 42 SCI (Sites of Community Importance) in Navarre.

The only road access is by the Gi-3631, leaving from Oiartzun (Gipuzkoa) and making its way over Bianditz pass before heading down 15 km later to the gates of Artikutza (Eskas). Those wishing to continue by vehicle to the district of Artikutza itself, 6 km further on, must obtain a permit and hand it in to the guard at Eskas. Access on foot is free and cars should be left in the car park.